The study of
icons is fascinating, to say the least, and through the internet there is
revealed an endless source of information, at the same time theological,
historical, and aethetic. One interesting subject is the posture or gestures of figures in icons.
There is
no other subject in iconography, besides Christ, that has been painted so often
and with so much love, as the image of the Theotokos. There are five main types
of representation of the Theotokos in Orthodox iconography:
- The Guide; Hodigitria - In this type, the Ever
Virgin Mary is holding Christ and pointing toward Him, as a guide to God
and salvation.
- Tender Mercy; Eleusa - In this type, the
Theotokos holds her Son, who touches his face to hers and wraps at least
one arm around her neck or shoulder. The Theotokos represents the Church
of Christ, thereby displaying the fullness of love between God and man, a
love that can only be achieved within the bosom of church, the Mother.
- All Merciful, Panakranta – In this type, Mary is
regally enthroned with Baby Jesus on her lap, both facing the viewer. The
throne symbolizes her royal glory, she alone is perfect among those born
on earth. According to the Fourth Ecumenical Council,
she presides with Christ over the destiny of the world.
- Intercessor, Agiosortissa – Mary is shown alone,
in profile with her hands held out in supplication. She is facing to her
left, usually to a separate icon of Christ, as in a triptych..
- Praying, - Oranta , Panagia , Lady of the Sign - In this type, Mary is shown with arms in ornate position, with Christ enclosed in a circle in her womb. "Of the Sign," is a reference to the words of Isaias 7:14, "The Lord himself shall give you a sign. Behold a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and his name shall be called Emmanuel."
***
Under your
protection, we hasten, O Virgin Birth-Giver of God. Do not turn away from us in our time of need,
but pure and blessed Lady, save us.
